V.S.
abbr. 参见上面（vide supra 等于 see above）
例句
The Masque of Africa: Glimpses of African Belief. By V.S. Naipaul.
非洲的假面舞会：一瞥非洲信仰
V.S. RAMACHANDRAN: Absolutely, and overall, fortunately, it's a positive cloud in most of us.
拉玛钱德朗：对极了。总的来说，幸运的是我们大多数人所处的“云”都是积极的。
V.S. RAMACHANDRAN: It may well be our brains are wired up to be slightly more optimistic than they should be.
拉玛钱德朗：我们的大脑很可能是相通的，并比预期的情况略微乐观一些。
